| The Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery | |
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Cap badge of the Royal Canadian Artillery |
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| Active | Prior to 1855 |
| Country | Canada |
| Allegiance | Canada |
| Branch | Canadian Forces personnel branch |
| Type | artillery |
| Motto | Ubique. Quo fas et gloria ducunt. (Everywhere. Whither right and glory lead) |
| Military history of Canada |
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The Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery (Fr: le Régiment royal de l'Artillerie canadienne) is the artillery personnel branch of the Canadian Forces (CF).
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Many of the units and batteries of The Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery are older than Canada itself. The first artillery company in Canada was formed in the province of Quebec in 1750.
Volunteer Canadian artillery batteries existed before 1855 but their history is mostly unknown. Seven batteries of artillery were formed after the passage of the Militia Act of 1855 which allowed Canada to retain a paid military force of 5,000 men. One of the pre-1855 volunteer batteries formed in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1793 was called the “Loyal Company of Artillery” and exists today as the 3rd Field Regiment, RCA.
On 20 October 1871, the first regular Canadian army units were created, in the form of two batteries of garrison artillery; thus, that date is considered the regiment's birthday. A Battery in Kingston, Ontario and B Battery in Quebec City, Quebec were to become gunnery schools and perform garrison duties in their respective towns. They are still active today as part of the 1st Regiment, Royal Canadian Horse Artillery.
The Royal Canadian Artillery has participated in every major conflict in Canada's history.
The Canadian Artillery and the Garrison Artillery were the designations of the Non-Permanent Active Militia as of 1 Jan 1914. The Canadian Artillery and the Garrison Artillery were collectively redesignated the Royal Canadian Artillery on 3 Jun 1935.
By November 1918, the 1st Canadian Division had expanded to the following Artillery units:
1st Brigade, C.F.A.
1st Field Battery
3rd Field Battery
4th Field Battery
2nd Howitzer Battery
2nd Brigade, C.F.A.
5th Field Battery
6th Field Battery
7th Field Battery
48th Howitzer Battery
1st Division Ammunition Column
By November 1918, the 2nd Canadian Division had expanded to the following Artillery units:
5th Brigade, C.F.A.
17th Field Battery
18th Field Battery
20th Field Battery
23rd Howitzer Battery
6th Brigade, C.F.A.
15th Field Battery
16th Field Battery
25th Field Battery
22nd Howitzer Battery
2nd Division Ammunition Column
By November 1918, the 3rd Canadian Division had expanded to the following Artillery units:
9th Brigade, C.F.A.
31st Field Battery
33rd Field Battery
45th Field Battery
36th Howitzer Battery
10th Brigade, C.F.A.
38th Field Battery
39th Field Battery
40th Field Battery
35th Howitzer Battery
3rd Division Ammunition Column
By November 1918, the 4th Canadian Division had expanded to the following Artillery units:
3rd Brigade, C.F.A.
10th Field Battery
11th Field Battery
12th Field Battery
9th Howitzer Battery
4th Brigade, C.F.A.
13th Field Battery
19th Field Battery
27th Field Battery
21st Howitzer Battery
4th Division Ammunition Column
Canadian Corps Troops - Corps Heavy Artillery
1st Brigade, C.G.A.
1st Siege Battery
3rd Siege Battery
7th Siege Battery
9th Siege Battery
2nd Brigade, C.G.A.
1st Heavy Battery
2nd Heavy Battery
2nd Siege Battery
4th Siege Battery
5th Siege Battery
6th Siege Battery
3rd Brigade, C.G.A.
8th Siege Battery
10th Siege Battery
11th Siege Battery
12th Siege Battery
5th Divisional Artillery
13th Brigade, C.F.A.
52nd Field Battery
53rd Field Battery
55th Field Battery
51st Howitzer Battery
14th Brigade, C.F.A.
60th Field Battery
61st Field Battery
66th Field Battery
58th Howitzer Battery
5th Division Ammunition Column
Army Service Corps - 5th Divisional Artillery Motor Transport Detachment
Canadian Cavalry Brigade - Artillery - Royal Canadian Horse Artillery Brigade
Army Troops - Attached to the British Expeditionary Force - Artillery
8th Army Brigade, C.F.A.
24th Field Battery
30th Field Battery
32nd Field Battery
43rd Howitzer Battery
8th Army Brigade Ammunition Column
"E" Anti-Aircraft Battery
The Canadian Armoured Corps was created on 13 Aug 1940. The Canadian Armoured Corps was redesignated the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps on 2 Aug 1945. The Royal Canadian Armoured Corps was redesignated the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps on 22 Mar 1948. The Royal Canadian Armoured Corps reverted back to the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps on 18 Apr 1955.[1]
The R.C.H.A. and R.C.A. expanded tremendously during the war to contribute the following units to the European theater:
The RCA was also responsible for the defence of Canada on both the west and east coasts. In 1936 a review was done by Major Treatt of the Royal Artillery of the existing defences and potential sites for new forts. Efforts to improve the existing fortifications and build new ones were well underway by 1939.
There were approximately 10 armed forts and gun positions established along the Pacific west coast. The ones in the Strait of Juan de Fuca were integrated with the U.S. coastal defences. As the war progressed and the threat of attack diminished, the forts were gradually drawn down and demobilised. The last active coastal defence fort on the west coast, Ft Rodd Hill, was deactivated in 1958.
The Regular and Reserve components of the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery, Royal Canadian Artillery and Royal Canadian Garrison Artillery were collectively redesignated the Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery on 29 Oct 1956.
The Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery is composed of both regular and reserve (militia) forces. The regular force component is composed of five units, four of which are front line operation units; of these, three are field artillery regiments while the fourth is a low level air defence unit. The fifth regular unit is the Royal Canadian Artillery School. Additionally, while the three field artillery regiments are on the RCA's order of battle, they are cap badged as Royal Canadian Horse Artillery.
Since spring 2005, 10th Field Regiment, 26th Field Regiment and 116th Independent Field Battery have been grouped together as 38 Canadian Brigade Group's (38 CBG) Artillery Tactical Group (ATG).
RCHA on parade with guns:
| Preceded by Naval Operations Branch |
The Royal Canadian Horse Artillery (See note below) |
Succeeded by Army elements of Royal Military College of Canada |
RCHA on dismounted parades:
| Preceded by Army elements of Royal Military College of Canada |
The Royal Canadian Horse Artillery (See note below) |
Succeeded by Royal Canadian Armoured Corps |
RCA units:
| Preceded by Royal Canadian Armoured Corps |
The Royal Canadian Artillery | Succeeded by Canadian Military Engineers |
Note: The honour of "The Right of the Line" (precedence over other units), on an army parade, is held by the units of the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery when on parade with their guns. On dismounted parades, RCHA units take precedence over all other land force units except formed bodies of Officer Cadets of the Royal Military College of Canada representing their college. RCA units parade to the left of units of the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps. The Royal Canadian Artillery does not carry colours. Its guns are its colours and are saluted on parade.
| Royal Canadian Artillery Museum | |
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| Location | CFB Shilo, P.O. Box 5000, Stn Main, Shilo, Manitoba, Canada |
| Type | Artillery Museum |
As the principal Artillery Museum in Canada, the Royal Canadian Artillery Museum presents, acquires, preserves, researches and interprets the contributions of the Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery and the Canadian Military to the heritage of Canada. [2] The museum is affiliated with: CMA, CHIN, OMMC and Virtual Museum of Canada.
The Royal Canadian Artillery is playable force featured heavily in the video game Company of Heroes: Opposing Fronts.
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